Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. It can also affect other organs.
The cause of RA is unknown. It is an autoimmune disease, which means the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. Specifically the synovium (Between the cartilages of two bones that form a joint there is a small amount of thick fluid called synovial fluid. The synovium is the tissue that surrounds a joint. Synovial fluid is made by cells of the synovium) causing pain and inflammation in joints.
Infection, genes, and hormone changes may be linked to the disease.
Rheumatoid arthritis can occur at any age, but is more common in middle age. Women get RA more often than men.
Rheumatoid arthritis usually affects joints on both sides of the body equally. Wrists, fingers, knees, feet, and ankles are the most commonly affected.
The disease often begins slowly, usually with only minor joint pain, stiffness, and fatigue.
Symptoms of Rheumatoid arthritis include:
Other symptoms include:
The outer part of the synovium is called the capsule. This is tough, gives the joint stability, and stops the bones from moving out of joint. Surrounding ligaments and muscles also help to give support and stability to joints.
It is an autoimmune disorder, an inflammatory arthritis
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